The study of pharmacological actions of drugs in the brain is a field that constantly uncovers new insights into the mechanisms of action behind various substances. This proposal aims to explore into the intriguing topics of psychedelics, cannabinoids, classical and novel antidepressants, anxiolytic treatments, and substances commonly associated with neuropsychiatric disorders such as alcohol, ketamine, and opiates. The ultimate goal is to unravel their neurological impacts, shed light on potential therapeutic applications, and explore their relationship with brain disorders, while also investigating the influence of sex/gender on drug response. Biological differences between sexes can influence how medications are metabolized and processed in the body. Understanding these relationships and considering hormonal factors is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes and tailoring medication regimens to individual needs.